Archive for the 'Linux Software' Category


Portage makes KDE go zoom

Last week I had some undiagnosable problem at bootup and I decided to just backup my home directory, /etc and some other key files and reinstall Gentoo from scratch (stage 1). It turned out to take longer than I remembered, but it has proven to be well worth it.

Having run Gentoo before (for a few months now) I knew to set up the /etc/make.conf file with optimized USE tags. Basically, I put in everything I knew I would need and disallowed the rest. Being a fan of KDE my tags looked something like this: USE="kde kdeenablefinal qt -gtk -gnome".

Eleventy-billion hours later I had compiled my system (with only two commands, thanks to Portage). I noticed immediately when I started X that things were different from before. Window response was much faster, applications loaded much faster, and I had more free RAM. Sweet.

I’ve been looking into every distro that’s featured on DistroWatch for a while now and I just can’t imagine giving up my Gentoo. Now, if the Portage tree contained Yast2 for system configuration this would be a flawless OS.

KDE 3.4.1 Released

The KDE Project has released KDE 3.4.1. They’re calling it a ‘maintenance’ release because it’s mostly bugfixes and small alterations. Despite this, the release has some much needed changes. One of the bugs that it solves has been slowing down my work all week.

The KDE Project emphasized fixes in its 50 translations in the official release, but they also listed a page full of bugfixes at their changelog.

Some of the excellent ones:

  • ftp will try active if passive fails
    (I’ve been having to use the terminal ftp client alongside Quanta to upload to an IIS ftp server that only does active)
  • many good fixes in khtml
    (khtml is to KDE what Gecko is to Mozilla - it’s their web page layout engine)
  • a hundred other fixes

I’ll be installing it as soon as it appears on the Gentoo servers.

Ultimate Linux Keylogger - Uberkey

A while ago I wrote a post about a Linux keylogger called lkl. It’s a decent program but it’s rather hard to manage at times and had some configuration bugs. Even once I got it running I’d find that many of the characters were off from what they should have been.

Luckily a reader used the comment form on that post to point out a much better program called uberkey.

Uberkey is awesome because of it’s simplicity. When you download it from the link above (or this link) you’ll be amazed at just how simple the install package is. There are three files:

makefile
uberkey.8
uberkey.c

Installing Uberkey
To install the uberkey keylogger on Linux simply compile the uberkey binary by typing # make. Really, it’s that simple. You’ll now have a fourth file in the current directory named uberkey. Copy this to some executable directory like so:

# cp uberkey /usr/bin/

Uberkey is now installed.

Running Uberkey

Uberkey does not handle log files on it’s own, what it does is when it’s running it will print out the names or values of the keys being hit to the standard output. This is not very useful if you just type it in a terminal straight, but with two very simple changes to the way the program is called it becomes an excellent system keylogger. First, we’ll use the greater-than symbol to direct the standard output to a text file:
# uberkey > /home/myname/.keylogfile

Second, we’ll use the ampersand symbol at the end of the program call to allow this to run in the background and give us our terminal prompt back:
# uberkey > /home/myname/.keylogfile &

If you want this to start at boot, all you need to do is add the last line of code above to one of your init scripts. If this doesn’t seem easy to do, I’ve included a script that you can make into a file and drop into /etc/init.d. Make sure it is executable (# chmod +x filename)

Sample Init Script for Uberkey
(Note: you should have runscript installed to do this)


###############
#!/sbin/runscript

start() {
        ebegin "Starting Uberkey keylogger"

        uberkey > /home/myname/.keylogfile

        eend $?
}
###############

Update: Wicher has told me that sometimes uberkey can mess up X. If anybody knows something about this, I’d love to hear it. So far it’s been working fine for me. Also, has anybody tried uberkey on a non en-us keyboard layout?

Linux Remote Desktop Client

The best remote desktop client for Linux is rdesktop. The KDE bundle offers us the ‘K Remote Desktop Client’ in the form of krdc but really that’s little more than a VNC viewer. VNC is great, but it lacks the right protocol to work as a thin client with a Windows server.

When I first installed rdesktop I was befuddled by the complexity of the arguments it needed in the command line. After a few minutes I managed to track down tsclient which is a handy frontend to rdesktop.

What the Remote Desktop Protocol Provides
VNC is a way to replace another’s computer’s monitor and keyboard/mouse with your own. You are able to control and view it as if it weren’t a different computer. While this totally amazed me the first time I used it, VNC has some drawbacks. It doesn’t separate the client session with the console session, it doesn’t handle user accounts at all, and if the host computer hangs on shutdown you’ll never know because the VNC server is the first program to get killed when Windows heads toward a reboot.
Remote Desktop is a VNC-based protocol that solves all these problems. It integrates with the host computer’s client accounts, it runs as a system service, it can even automatically transfer the sounds that should plan on the host computer (far away one) to the speakers of the local computer (the one you’re typing on).

I’ve recently contracted a new development job where they’re running PHP/Apache on a Windows 2003 server. It’s painful to know that they could have saved a lot of money and gotten better performance out of a Linux box (which also would have been easier for me to administer). But since I’m stuck using a Windows server, I’m happy to have found myself some GNU tools to help me get the job done fast.

Links to rdesktop and tsclient:
rdesktop
tsclient

Battle for Wesnoth

This is my first post about a Linux game, but I figured it was worth the time to write about because this game proves that Linux can do anything. If you’ve not heard about Battle for Wesnoth, it’s an excellent turn-based role playing game that’s developed natively for Linux and released open source. It’s a cross between WarCraft and Civilization in the gameplay. It doesn’t have the graphics of either (the open source community is rather poor so far at communicating with graphic artists) but it has excellent playability.

wesnothThe main character of the game is a young prince who’s just inherited a kingdom but is being hunted by his kingdoms enemies. The first few levels are spent escaping/fighting with enemy armies and learning the basics of economic upkeep and fighting with various classes of characters. Gameplay is from an overhead perspective on a hexagonal-sectioned map. You have to keep track of various different stats for different characters (as any rpg) and there is a focus on fewer, well-managed characters over large armies.

It’s still in pre-beta but it’s very playable. I recommend getting it through one of the following means:
# emerge wesnoth (on a Gentoo system)
# apt-get install wesnoth (on a Debian/Ubuntu/DSL system)
# firefox http://www.wesnoth.org

Grub Config for Xen (III)

This is the third post in my series on installing Xen. Hopefully this’ll be useful for folks who are either just setting up the Xen Hypervisor into their current Grub installation and new Grub users alike.

Here’s a copy of my /boot/grub/grub.conf:

# this loads the first profile by default
default 0
# wait 12 seconds before loading default
timeout 12
# use a nifty image
spashimage=(hd0,4)/grub/splash.xpm.gz

# start of first profile
title=Gentoo Linux 2.6.11-r6-danger
# this profile resides on the Fifth partition (Grub counts from 0)
root (hd0,4)
# my kernel is /boot/kernel-2.6.11-r6-danger
# remove the /boot from the path and it’ll be right.
kernel /kernel-2.6.11-r6-danger

# this is the profile that should be selected to enable (boot) Xen
title=Xen2.0 / Xen 2.6.10
# load this kernel with a set memory amount
kernel /boot/xen.gz dom0_mem=131072
# set the root to the sda4 device and output to the console (tty0)
module /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.10-xen0 root=/dev/sda4 ro console=tty0

# in case of a proprietary emergency (which has yet to happen)
title=Windows XP
rootnoverify (hd0,0)
makeactive
chainloader +1

After you’ve saved this file, run:
# grub-install
That should set up your grub installation. If it doesn’t work, try the following links.

Other resources to help you set up Grub for Xen:
Gentoo.org Grub installation documentation
Small Grub tutorial

Xen Hypervisor requires Grub (II)

I got used to Lilo back when I installed my first Linux system years ago. It was Mandrake 7.somthin’ and it was already so complicated for me to get the thing set up that I happily allowed them to give me the default boot loader. Lilo was the default on my next several installations and eventually I began to deliberately choose it.

Now I’m switching to Grub. The Xen Hypervisor requires a multi-boot standard that only Grub can handle.

To install Grub, check out these fine instructions:
Redhat Grub Installation Instructions
Grub 2 Documentation

Installing Xen Hypervisor (I)

This is hard. I’ve downloaded the binary package of the Xen Hypervisor (available here) and I’ve started installing it. I’ve had the chance to unpack it and start fooling around and I’m noticing that this is a fine, fine piece of software. Because of that, it’s complicated and therefore it takes some work to get it going.

In January of this year XenSource (the company that makes Xen happen) reported that they raised $6 million in funding. That’s a serious approach to software. Considering the size of this project and the scope of their resources, I imagine this is going to be a show-stopping piece of software. In a couple years no powerful Linux box will be found without it.

Kplayer and Kaffeine

Mplayer is an excellent video player for Linux. It’s plays DVDs and just about any thing else that it needs to - even WMV files. The problem with Mplayer is that it lacks a native GUI. You can play a file with mplayer by typing # mplayer /path/filename but all you’ll see is a small window with no navigation pop up, play until the end of the file, and then close itself.

Kplayer is the solution to that. Kplayer does to Mplayer what Kaffeine does to Xine. Kplayer is a frontend for Mplayer that integrates well into KDE (allowing drag-and-drop of files and compatibility with other KDE apps). It also provides start and stop (and other) controls for multimedia playback.

Kaffeine does this with Xine. Kaffeine is a frontend for Xine that gives Xine total compatibility with the rest of KDE. The new version of Kaffeine that ships with KDE 3.4 also features excellent playlist management.

The big thing that you’ll need to know about these two programs is this: If Kaffeine won’t play something, try it in Kplayer - and vice versa. They run off of totally different multimedia processing engines and they compliment each other nicely - so make sure you’ve got both installed.

Skype for Linux

Skype has hit 100 million users and has now added new services to it’s product. I figured this would be a good time to recommend the Linux version of Skype.

Fortunately for Skype they released several Linux versions (for Suse, Debian, Mandrake, Fedora Core, and two binary packages) publicly. If they hadn’t they would have seen competition from an open-source copycat group in no time so it was just good business sense that they developed their product for us penguins.

If you’re not familiar, Skype is a program that turns your computer into a phone. It costs money to call out of the internet and to a real phone, but it’s free to call other Skype users (because it doesn’t go through any Skype server). Since Linux is a network powerhouse it’s only fitting to do one more task with your Linux system.

You can install Skype (and start making free calls) with the following packages:

Skype for Mandrake
Skype for Debian, Ubuntu, Xandros, Mepis
Skype for Fedora Core 3
Skype for Suse 9 and newer
Dynamic Binary
Dynamic Binary with QT

New Tricks with X11

As of KDE 3.4 there’s a new feature where windows can have transparency and shadows. It’s way to computing-heavy for my laptop but it was cool enough to try out for a few minutes just the same. I’ll post an article in a while about how to get the transparency extension working with KDE 3.4.

The reason KDE can do this transparency stuff is because of great new advancements in the X11 renderer. X11 can make shadows and make things transparent but can also mutate windows and do all of the wacky visual effects that OS X is proud of.

Here are some screenshots that display the power of the new X11. These are using some still-experimental X11 programs, but we’re bound to get the full extent of this technology soon.

XMMS-KDE

xmms-kde is an applet that runs in the KDE taskbar and allows you to control XMMS through some small buttons and volume sliders. It’s handy if you want to run XMMS out of sight but have a need to change the volume or switch songs often.

If you run XMMS and KDE regularly, xmms-kde is essential.

Dreamweaver on Linux

There are several ways to run Dreamweaver on Linux: you can use Wine and run the executable directly (or run it in CrossOver Office), use a virtualization tool like VMWare or the Xen Hypervisor to run Windows on Linux, or try to hack the Mac OSX release to work on your Yellow Dog Linux system.

Despite these possibilities, I recommend scrapping Dreamweaver altogether. There are tools designed natively for Linux that can do the job you’re trying to do and then some. Dreamweaver is actually two tools in one and it’s only sorta good at either task.

  • Dreamweaver as a layout/design tool
  • This is the real strength of Dreamweaver. Those who have worked extensively with Dreamweaver know how it handles layouts. It’s excellent at tables, excellent at image maps, acceptable at CSS (but not at creating CSS), lousy at proper placement and DIV floating.

    I’ve used Dreamweaver to make many layouts and I found it clumsy at times but acceptable overall.

    For this task I’d recommend using Nvu. It’s uses Gecko (the rendering engine for Firefox, Netscape, and Mozilla) and is far more standards-compliant than DW.

  • Dreamweaver as a coding/programming tool
  • This is where Dreamweaver falls behind the needs of it’s users. It has many ‘behaviors’ and built-in snippets of code but it doesn’t let programmers do their business with ease. Particularly with transferring files and managing versions it hasn’t updated it’s site checkout policy in four years. While the entire open source community is addressing the needs of multiple-developer applications Dreamweaver is an underpowered ftp client at best.

    For this task I’d recommend Quanta Plus. It doesn’t bother with a local copy of files so there is less to be worried about when editing. It stores the project file and everything but the current cache of your opened files directly on the server. Despite excellent transfer and site management capabilities, it’s greatest feature would have to be it’s editor.
    Quanta uses an embedded form of Kate (KDE Advanced Text Editor) to edit code and it has more features that most coders would know to hope for.
    Some of Kate’s features include:

    • Collapsible Code Trees.
      This means that any time you have opening and closing brackets or braces in your code that are on different lines Kate will allow you to click a small icon next to the opening character’s line and collapse the whole block of code from your view. 20K PHP includes suddenly become very easy.
    • Colorized Code
      Dreamweaver does a decent job coloring the code as you type it in code view, but it doesn’t support the number of syntaces or support them as well as Kate.
    • Speed
      Dreamweaver has some latency between editing and updating and can have a VERY difficult time with files over 70K in size. Kate has no such problems. Based on the very best that KDE developers have to offer it provides power and functionality combined with well-engineered programming as only an open source application can offer.

    So make the move, find a whole fleet of applications ready to pick up where Dreamweaver left off. And for you Photoshop users, don’t forget to get Photoshop on Linux in a similar way.

    Gphoto - not reviewed

    I recently came across some cool software called Gphoto. It’s a manager for transferring and handling pictures from digital cameras on Linux. As far as I can tell it’s the primary Linux solution for this task. I was waiting for some free time to install it and write about my experience (while transferring my latest stock of pictures from my camera) but that didn’t work out so well.

    I installed it painlessly but it froze my system when I ran it. I hadn’t experienced that even once with my new Gentoo installation so I didn’t believe at first that it had really halted my entire computer. I’m officially recommending that you do not install the latest version of Gphoto. Maybe wait a month and see what they’ve got.

    Gnome vs. KDE

    I’ve used KDE for the length of my Linux use. It’s been the most comfortable desktop environment for someone like me who needed to be weaned off of Windows but I’m now considering switching to Gnome. I may begin trying out Gnome in various distributions and posting about the benefits/compromises that I see in it.

    One thing I’ve noticed already is that cursor focus seems to be much faster in Gnome than KDE. I’ve written about problems with Firefox response speed a couple of times and upon only cursory (heh) overview it seems as though the cursor and response time problems are greatly mitigated with the Gnome desktop environment.

    GimpShop - Photoshop on Linux

    I was trained on Photoshop running on Windows. Back before I switched to the open source world I can’t say with a completely clear conscience that the software I learned on was installed and used legally - but how else was a 15-year-old supposed to learn Photoshop but through piracy?

    Anyway, I kept my Windows/Photoshop skills when I moved to Linux but felt very disappointed in the lack of software that Gnu/Linux offered me as a replacement to Photoshop. I heard much about The Gimp but after trying it a few times to edit some pictures for a web layout I was left confused and frustrated. The Gimp doesn’t have the same look and feel that I was used to and I found that I couldn’t even execute basic tasks.

    Then two days ago my roommate told me about GimpShop. Due to the open source (and therefore highly modular and well-written) nature of The Gimp it’s possible to change its interface. That’s exactly what Scott Moschella did. Being familiar with Photoshop himself he created a program that modifies the Gimp to look like Photoshop. GimpShop.

    It’s a must for any graphic design Linux converts. Scott designed it for Mac OS X but it runs fine under Linux. You can find it in various forms at the following places:

    GimpShop for Mac OS X 10.3 (you’ll need Apple’s X11)
    GimpShop for OS X Info page

    GimpShop for Linux RPM Torrent
    GimpShop for Linux RPM (direct)
    GimpShop for Linux Source
    GimpShop for Linux Gentoo Ebuild
    GimpShop for Linux Info page
    GimpShop ported to Linux by CodeMills

    GimpShop for Windows
    GimpShop ported to Windows by CodeMills

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